Water Flow Guiding Apparatus for Turbine Control and Efficiency

The guide apparatus is used to direct the water flow to the impeller, to create a swirl of the water flow and to regulate the water flow through the turbine depending on the magnitude of the load, and is also the turbine shut-off organ. In the closed position, the guide device completely stops the water supply to the impeller. To fulfil these functions, the guide vane is equipped with swivelling vanes. The change in flow rate when the blades are rotated is caused both by a change in the cross-sectional area of the guide apparatus and by a change in the angle, i.e. the direction of flow in front of the impeller.